Compiled here is a list of math terms that may be useful to know. The list is in alphabetical order, but you may also use Cmd + F or Ctrl + F to search terms directly!
The sum of a group of numbers divided by the size of the group; also known as a mean.
Given the set of numbers [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], the average is (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) / 5 = 3
A number with fractional components expressed based on tenths and powers of ten.
0.1, 2.12, 132.324
The bottom number in a fraction.
In the fraction 3/5, 5 is the denominator.
A statement representing an equality of expressions.
2x + 7 = 19
A number divisible by 2.
2, 4, 6, 8, etc.
A statement representing numbers and operations between numbers.
3x + 2
An integer that divides into another number without a remainder.
1, 3, 5, and 15 are the factors of the number 15.
The number of times a given instance occurs within a set.
The frequency of the number 2 within the numbers [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 7] is 3.
The largest factor that all numbers within a set share.
Given the set of numbers [12, 15, 24, 51], the greatest common factor is 3.
Numbers that can be written without fractional components.
0, 1, 2, 3, -1, -2, -3
The smallest number that is a multiple of all of the numbers within set.
Given the set of numbers [3, 5, 9, 15], the least common multiple would be 45.
The power to which a number (base) must be raised to produce a given number.
Given the equation 2^x = 16, a logarithm would be used to solve for x where the logarithm of 16 with 2 as a base is x, or log2 16 = x. This would evaluate to x = 4.
The sum of a group of numbers divided by the size of the group; also known as the average.
Given a set of numbers [0, 5, 10, 15, 20], the mean would be (0 + 5 + 10 + 15 + 20) / 5, which equals 10.
The middle number in a sorted set of numbers. When there is an even number of values within the set, the median is the average of the two middle values.
Given the set of numbers [1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 9, 11], the median would be 5.
Given the set of numbers [1, 1, 4, 18, 21, 25], the median would be the average of 4 and 18, which would be (4 + 18) / 2 = 11.
The most commonly occurring number within a set. There can be multiple modes in a given set.
Given the set [2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8], the mode is 7, which appears 4 times.
Given the set [1, 5, 5, 5, 6, 9, 9, 9], the modes are 5 and 9, which both appear 3 times.
A number that can be divided by another number--a factor--without remainder.
The multiples of 15 are: 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, etc.
The top number in a fraction.
In the fraction 3/5, 3 is the numerator.
A number that is NOT divisible by 2.
1, 3, 5, 7, etc.
A whole number greater than 1 that is divisible only by 1 and itself.
2, 3, 19, 23, 53
The result of a multiplication operation.
In the equation 5 * 10 = 50, 50 is the product.
The result of a division operation.
In the equation 56 / 7 = 8, 8 is the quotient.
The difference between the maximum and minimum of a set of numbers.
In the set [1, 6, 12, 51], the range is 51 - 1, which is 50.
The number left over when a number is not divided evenly.
50 / 7 = 7 with a remainder of 1.
The product that results when a number is multiplied by itself.
The square of 6 is 36, because 6 * 6 = 36.
A number that, when multiplied by itself, will produce a given square number.
The square root of 49 is 7, because 7 * 7 = 49.